From 20a7df0839d159f573a9b22d40fc904bf277b53d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Manfred Steiner <sx@htl-kaindorf.at>
Date: Thu, 5 Sep 2024 12:58:47 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino
 (release/2024-09-05_124618)

---
 .../nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.gdb_history   |   9 +
 software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.gdbinit  |   5 +
 .../nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.gitignore     |   4 +
 .../.vscode/c_cpp_properties.json             |  26 +
 .../bootloader-arduino/.vscode/launch.json    |  37 ++
 .../bootloader-arduino/.vscode/settings.json  |  19 +
 .../bootloader-arduino/.vscode/tasks.json     |  23 +
 software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/Makefile  | 125 ++++
 software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/README.md |  59 ++
 software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/protocol  | 323 +++++++++++
 .../bootloader-arduino_nano-5v-328p.elf       | Bin 0 -> 8608 bytes
 .../bootloader-arduino_nano-5v-328p.hex       |  97 ++++
 .../nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/src/main.c     | 543 ++++++++++++++++++
 13 files changed, 1270 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.gdb_history
 create mode 100644 software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.gdbinit
 create mode 100644 software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.gitignore
 create mode 100644 software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.vscode/c_cpp_properties.json
 create mode 100644 software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.vscode/launch.json
 create mode 100644 software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.vscode/settings.json
 create mode 100644 software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.vscode/tasks.json
 create mode 100644 software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/Makefile
 create mode 100644 software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/README.md
 create mode 100644 software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/protocol
 create mode 100755 software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/release/2024-09-05_124618/bootloader-arduino_nano-5v-328p.elf
 create mode 100644 software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/release/2024-09-05_124618/bootloader-arduino_nano-5v-328p.hex
 create mode 100644 software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/src/main.c

diff --git a/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.gdb_history b/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.gdb_history
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3339046
--- /dev/null
+++ b/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.gdb_history
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+target remote :1234
+layout split
+stepi
+quit
+target remote :1234
+layout split
+stepi
+b *main+9
+quit
diff --git a/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.gdbinit b/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.gdbinit
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a8c4b59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.gdbinit
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+set history save on
+set history size 1000
+set history remove-duplicates 2
+set history filename .gdb_history
+
diff --git a/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.gitignore b/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a959910
--- /dev/null
+++ b/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+.depend
+**/build
+**/dist
+**/sim
diff --git a/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.vscode/c_cpp_properties.json b/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.vscode/c_cpp_properties.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..00f3a55
--- /dev/null
+++ b/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.vscode/c_cpp_properties.json
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+{
+    "configurations": [
+        {
+            "name": "Linux AVR",
+            "includePath": [
+                "/usr/lib/avr/include/**",
+                "/usr/lib/gcc/avr/**"
+            ],
+            "defines": [],
+            "compilerPath": "/usr/bin/avr-gcc",
+            "compilerArgs": [
+                "-mmcu=atmega328p",
+                "-Os",
+                "-DF_CPU=16000000",
+                "-DBAUD_RATE=115200",
+                "-DDOUBLE_SPEED",
+                "-DNUM_LED_FLASHES=4",
+                "-DMAX_TIME_COUNT=F_CPU>>4"
+            ],
+            "cStandard": "gnu11",
+            "cppStandard": "gnu++11",
+            "intelliSenseMode": "linux-gcc-x64"
+        }
+    ],
+    "version": 4
+}
diff --git a/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.vscode/launch.json b/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.vscode/launch.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f29cf2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.vscode/launch.json
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+{
+    // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
+    // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
+    // For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
+    "version": "0.2.0",
+    "configurations": [
+        {
+            "name": "Build",
+            // "request": "launch",
+            "type": "node-terminal",
+            "preLaunchTask": "build"
+        },{
+            "name": "Flash",
+            // "request": "launch",
+            "type": "node-terminal",
+            "preLaunchTask": "flash"
+        },{
+            "name": "Clean",
+            // "request": "launch",
+            "type": "node-terminal",
+            "preLaunchTask": "clean"
+        },{
+            // es muss mit simuc --board arduino dist/programm.elf der Simulator 
+            // gestartet werden. Dessen gdb-stub öffnet auf localhost:1234 einen Port
+            "name": "Debug (simuc)",
+            "type": "cppdbg",
+            "request": "launch",
+            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/sim/atmega328p.elf",
+            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
+            "externalConsole": false,
+            "MIMode": "gdb",
+            "miDebuggerPath": "/usr/bin/avr-gdb",
+            "miDebuggerServerAddress": ":1234",
+            "preLaunchTask": "build"
+        }
+    ]
+}
diff --git a/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.vscode/settings.json b/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.vscode/settings.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ced9cb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.vscode/settings.json
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+{
+    "[c]": {
+        "editor.insertSpaces": true,
+        "editor.tabSize": 3,
+        "editor.detectIndentation": false
+    },
+    "[h]": {
+        "editor.insertSpaces": true,
+        "editor.tabSize": 3,
+        "editor.detectIndentation": false
+    },
+    "cSpell.words": [],
+    "cSpell.ignorePaths": [
+        "**/*.json", "**/*.c", "**/*.h", "**/Makefile"
+    ],
+    "files.associations": {
+        "io.h": "c"
+    }
+}
diff --git a/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.vscode/tasks.json b/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.vscode/tasks.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..74fb1c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/.vscode/tasks.json
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+{
+    // See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558
+    // for the documentation about the tasks.json format
+    "version": "2.0.0",
+    "tasks": [{
+        "label": "build",
+        "type": "shell",
+        "command": "make",
+        "problemMatcher":[
+            "$gcc"
+        ]
+    },{
+        "label": "clean",
+        "type": "shell",
+        "command": "make",
+        "args": [ "clean" ],
+    },{
+        "label": "flash",
+        "type": "shell",
+        "command": "make",
+        "args": [ "flash" ],
+    }]
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/Makefile b/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..36b5d75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+.PHONY: all info flash picocom clean
+$(shell mkdir -p dist >/dev/null)
+$(shell mkdir -p build >/dev/null)
+$(shell mkdir -p sim >/dev/null)
+$(shell mkdir -p sim/build >/dev/null)
+
+NAME="bootloader-arduino_nano-5v-328p"
+SRC= $(wildcard src/*.c src/*.cpp src/*/*.c src/*/*.cpp) 
+HDR= $(wildcard src/*.h src/*.hpp src/*/*.h src/*/*.hpp) 
+OBJ_CPP = $(SRC:src/%.cpp=build/%.o)
+OBJ = $(OBJ_CPP:src/%.c=build/%.o)
+OBJ_SIM_CPP = $(SRC:src/%.cpp=sim/build/%.o)
+OBJ_SIM = $(OBJ_SIM_CPP:src/%.c=sim/build/%.o)
+
+DEVICE=atmega328p
+DEVICE_ISP=m328p
+
+CC= avr-g++
+CFLAGS= -Wall -mmcu=$(DEVICE) -Os -DF_CPU=16000000  -DBAUD_RATE=115200 -DDOUBLE_SPEED -DNUM_LED_FLASHES=4 '-DMAX_TIME_COUNT=F_CPU>>4' -c
+#LFLAGS= -Wall -mmcu=$(DEVICE) -Os -DF_CPU=12000000 -Wl,-u,vfprintf -lprintf_flt -lm
+LFLAGS= -Wall -mmcu=$(DEVICE) -Os -DF_CPU=16000000 -Wl,--section-start=.text=0x7000
+
+CFLAGS_SIM= -Wall -mmcu=$(DEVICE) -Og -DF_CPU=16000000 -g  -DBAUD_RATE=115200 -DDOUBLE_SPEED -DNUM_LED_FLASHES=4 '-DMAX_TIME_COUNT=F_CPU>>4' -c
+#LFLAGS_SIM= -Wall -mmcu=$(DEVICE) -Og -DF_CPU=12000000 -g -Wl,-u,vfprintf -lprintf_flt -lm
+LFLAGS_SIM= -Wall -mmcu=$(DEVICE) -Og -DF_CPU=16000000 -g -Wl,--section-start=.text=0x7000
+
+
+all: dist/$(NAME).elf dist/$(NAME).s dist/$(NAME).hex sim/$(NAME).elf sim/$(NAME).s info
+
+dbg:
+	@echo --HDR---------------------------------
+	@echo $(HDR)
+	@echo --SRC---------------------------------
+	@echo $(SRC)
+	@echo --OBJ---------------------------------
+	@echo $(OBJ)
+	@echo --OBJ_CPP-----------------------------
+	@echo $(OBJ_CPP)
+	@echo --OBJ---------------------------------
+	@echo $(OBJ)
+	@echo ===================================
+	@echo	
+
+info:
+	@avr-size --mcu=$(DEVICE) --format=avr dist/$(NAME).elf
+
+.depend: $(SRC) $(HDR)
+	$(CC) -mmcu=$(DEVICE) -MM $(SRC) | sed --regexp-extended 's/^(.*\.o)\: src\/(.*)(\.cpp|\.c) (.*)/build\/\2\.o\: src\/\2\3 \4/g' > .depend
+
+-include .depend
+
+# .depend solte auch auf Header Files achten!
+
+dist/$(NAME).elf: .depend $(OBJ)
+	$(CC) $(LFLAGS) -o $@ $(OBJ)
+
+dist/%.s: dist/%.elf
+	avr-objdump -d $< > $@
+
+dist/%.hex: dist/%.elf
+	#avr-objcopy -j .text -j .data -O ihex $< $@
+	avr-objcopy -O ihex $(HEX_FLASH_FLAGS) $< $@
+
+sim/$(NAME).elf: .depend $(OBJ_SIM)
+		$(CC) $(LFLAGS_SIM) -o $@ $(OBJ_SIM)
+
+
+build/%.o: src/%.c
+	@mkdir -p $(dir $@)
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $<
+
+build/%.o: src/%.cpp
+	@mkdir -p $(dir $@)
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $<
+
+sim/build/%.o: src/%.c
+	@mkdir -p $(dir $@)
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS_SIM) -o $@ $<
+
+sim/build/%.o: src/%.cpp
+	@mkdir -p $(dir $@)
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS_SIM) -o $@ $<
+
+sim/%.s: sim/%.elf
+	avr-objdump -d $< > $@
+
+simuc: sim/$(NAME).elf
+	simuc --board arduino $<
+
+gdb: sim/$(NAME).elf
+	avr-gdb $<
+
+isp-328p:
+	avrdude -c usbasp -p $(DEVICE_ISP)
+
+isp-flash-328p: dist/$(NAME).elf all
+	avrdude -c usbasp -p $(DEVICE_ISP) -e -U flash:w:$<
+
+isp-flash-328p-latest-release:
+	avrdude -c usbasp -p $(DEVICE_ISP) -e -U flash:w:release/$(shell ls -A release | tail -n 1)/$(NAME).elf
+
+isp-read-flash-328p:
+	avrdude -c usbasp -p $(DEVICE_ISP) -U flash:r:/tmp/flash-nano-1284__$(shell date +"%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S")
+
+flash-1284p: dist/$(NAME).elf all
+	avrdude -c arduino -p $(DEVICE_ISP) -P /dev/ttyUSB0 -b 115200 -e -U flash:w:$<
+
+
+picocom:
+	# picocom sends CR for ENTER -> convert cr (\r) to lf (\n)
+	picocom -b 115200 --omap crlf /dev/ttyUSB0
+
+isp-erase-328p:
+	avrdude -c usbasp -p $(DEVICE_ISP) -e
+
+isp-fuse-328p:
+	# LFUSE=0xE7 -> startuptime 16K CLOCKS + 4.1ms -> 5.4ms
+	avrdude -c usbasp -p $(DEVICE_ISP) -U lfuse:w:0xEF:m -U hfuse:w:0xD8:m -U efuse:w:0xFD:m -U lock:w:0xEF:m
+
+clean:
+	@rm -r dist
+	@rm -r build
+	@rm -r sim
+	@find . -type f -name ".depend" -exec rm {} \;
+	@echo "clean done"
diff --git a/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/README.md b/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fa71166
--- /dev/null
+++ b/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+# Arduino-Bootloader (STK500) für Arduino Nano (5V, ATmega328P)
+
+Dieser Bootloader ermöglicht die Programmierung über das "Arduino-System". Als Kommunikationsprotokoll kommt das [STK500 Protokoll]( https://www.microchip.com/content/dam/mchp/documents/OTH/ApplicationNotes/ApplicationNotes/doc2525.pdf) zur Anwendung (Kommunikationsablauf siehe Datei [protocol](protocol)).
+
+Beim Bootloader in [src/main.c](src/main.c) handelt es sich um eine Anpassung von [https://github.com/arduino/ArduinoCore-avr/blob/master/bootloaders/atmega/ATmegaBOOT_168.c](https://github.com/arduino/ArduinoCore-avr/blob/master/bootloaders/atmega/ATmegaBOOT_168.c) an die Hardware des Nano-1284 Boards.
+
+Diese Anpassung der Quelltext-Datei umfasst:
+* Microcontroller ATmega328P (mit 32KiB Flash, davon die hinteren 4KiB für den Bootloader)
+* Frequenz 16MHz
+* 1 LED (rot)
+* Assembler-Anweisungen durch Macros aus `avr/boot.h` ersetzt
+* Quelltextkorrekturen, damit der Bootloader auch bei einer Page-Size von 256 Byte funktioniert (für Atmega328P nicht erforderlich)
+
+Der Bootloader kann entweder selbst aus der Quelltextdatei erzeugt werden (siehe [Übersetzung](#%C3%BCbersetzung)), oder es wird eine der bereits fertigen Dateien im Ordner [release](release) verwendet:
+* [release/2024-09-05_124618/bootloader-arduino_nano-5v-328p.elf](release/2024-09-05_124618/bootloader-arduino_nano-5v-328p.elf)
+* [release/2024-09-05_124618/bootloader-arduino_nano-5v-328p.hex](release/2024-09-05_124618/bootloader-arduino_nano-5v-328p.hex)
+
+## Übersetzung
+
+Folgende Tools sind erforderlich:
+* avr-gcc
+* avrdude
+
+Auf einem Linux-Debian System müssen daher folgende Pakete installiert sein:
+```sh
+sudo apt update
+sudo apt install gcc-avr avr-libc binutils-avr avrdude
+```
+
+Die Übersetzung erfolgt dann mit dem Kommando `make`.
+
+## Download auf den µC
+
+Die korrekte Programmierung der Fuses sowie der Download des Bootloaders in den Bootloader-Bereich des µC-Flash kann mit Hilfe eines [USBasp-Programmiergeräts](https://www.fischl.de/usbasp/) mit folgenden Kommandos erfolgen:
+
+```sh
+make isp-fuse-328p
+make isp-flash-328p
+```
+
+... oder die aktuellste Version im Unterordner release
+```sh
+make isp-fuse-328p
+make isp-flash-328p-latest-release
+```
+
+Nach der Programmierung sollte die rote LED in kleinen zeitlichen Abständen 4x blinken.
+
+
+## Download von Programmen mit Hilfe des Bootloaders
+
+Sobald sich am µC ein Bootloader befindet ist kein Programmiergerät mehr erforderlich. Das Programm wird über die serielle UART-Schnittstelle (via USB-Schnittstelle) in den Flash gespeichert.
+
+UART-Schnittstelle (Option `-P`) und Name der ELF-Programmdatei (nach `flash:w:`) sind anzupassen...
+
+```sh
+avrdude -c arduino -p m328p -P /dev/ttyUSB0 -b 115200 -e -U flash:w:programm.elf
+```
+
diff --git a/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/protocol b/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/protocol
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8c0ea61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/protocol
@@ -0,0 +1,323 @@
+  0.552750 -->   2: 3020
+  0.555474 <--   2: 1410
+  0.803623 -->   2: 3020
+  0.806825 <--   2: 1410
+  1.054395 -->   2: 3020
+  1.057282 <--   2: 1410
+
+  1.057514 -->   3: 4181 20
+  1.060837 <--   3: 1401 10
+  1.061061 -->   3: 4182 20
+  1.063819 <--   3: 1410 10
+  1.064049 -->  22: 4282 0000 0101 0101 03ff ffff ff01 0008  0000 0100 0020
+  1.068274 <--   2: 1410
+  1.068436 -->   7: 4505 08d7 a000 20
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+  1.071432 -->   2: 5020
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+  1.084349 -->   2: 7520
+  1.087176 <--   5: 141e 960a 10
+  1.087341 -->   6: 5650 0000 0020
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+  1.096678 <--   3: 1400 10
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+  1.177570 <--   3: 1401 10
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+  1.184868 <--   2: 1410
+  1.185056 -->   7: 4505 08d7 a000 20
+  1.187956 <--   2: 1410
+  1.188059 -->   2: 5020
+  1.190517 <--   2: 1410
+  
+  1.191326 -->   4: 5500 0020
+  1.193964 <--   2: 1410
+  
+  1.194133 -->  32: 6401 0046 0c94 3e00 0c94 5b00 0c94 5b00  0c94 5b00 0c94 5b00 0c94 5b00 0c94 5b00
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+  1.208326 -->   5: 0f92 0fb6 20
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+  
+  1.255743 -->   4: 5580 0020
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+  
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+  1.272904 -->   5: 86e0 91e0 20
+  1.320139 <--   2: 1410
+  
+  1.320378 -->   4: 5500 0120
+  1.323002 <--   2: 1410
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+  2.023167 <--  32: ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff  ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff
+  2.025368 <--   2: ff10
+  
+  2.025949 -->   6: 5650 0000 0020
+  2.028775 <--   3: 1400 10
+  2.028918 -->   6: 5650 0000 0020
+  2.031848 <--   3: 1400 10
+  2.031977 -->   6: 5650 0000 0020
+  2.034973 <--   3: 1400 10
+  2.035141 -->   6: 5658 0800 0020
+  2.038215 <--   3: 1400 10
+  2.038413 -->   6: 5658 0800 0020
+  2.041454 <--   3: 1400 10
+  2.041646 -->   6: 5658 0800 0020
+  2.044533 <--   3: 1400 10
+  2.044682 -->   6: 5650 0800 0020
+  2.047749 <--   3: 1400 10
+  2.047987 -->   6: 5650 0800 0020
+  2.050921 <--   3: 1400 10
+  2.051154 -->   6: 5650 0800 0020
+  2.054178 <--   3: 1400 10
+
+  2.054415 -->   2: 5120
+  2.056864 <--   2: 1410
diff --git a/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/release/2024-09-05_124618/bootloader-arduino_nano-5v-328p.elf b/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/release/2024-09-05_124618/bootloader-arduino_nano-5v-328p.elf
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..edd111b8cd213c3e2f54d08370f99219521d6038
GIT binary patch
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diff --git a/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/release/2024-09-05_124618/bootloader-arduino_nano-5v-328p.hex b/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/release/2024-09-05_124618/bootloader-arduino_nano-5v-328p.hex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..db79f9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/release/2024-09-05_124618/bootloader-arduino_nano-5v-328p.hex
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
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diff --git a/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/src/main.c b/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/src/main.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0f542db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/software/nano-5v/bootloader-arduino/src/main.c
@@ -0,0 +1,543 @@
+/*************************************************************************************************/
+/* Serial Bootloader for Atmel megaAVR Controllers                                               */
+/*                                                                                               */
+/* Source-code taken from:                                                                       */
+/*    https://github.com/arduino/ArduinoCore-avr/blob/master/bootloaders/atmega/ATmegaBOOT_168.c */
+/*    Branch@hash: master@321fca0b                                                               */
+/*                                                                                               */
+/* Licence can be viewed at http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.txt                                  */
+/*                                                                                               */
+/*************************************************************************************************/
+
+#include <inttypes.h>
+
+#include <avr/boot.h>
+#include <avr/io.h>
+#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
+#include <avr/interrupt.h>
+#include <avr/wdt.h>
+// #include <util/delay.h>
+
+// #define DEBUG_UART1
+#ifdef DEBUG_UART1
+   #include <stdio.h>
+#endif
+
+// after this many errors give up and launch application
+#define MAX_ERROR_COUNT 5
+
+#define HW_VER   0xF1
+#define SW_MAJOR 0x01
+#define SW_MINOR 0x10
+
+// onboard LED is used to indicate, that the bootloader was entered
+#ifdef __AVR_ATmega328P__
+   #define SET_LED_RED (PORTB |= (1 << PB5))
+   #define CLR_LED_RED (PORTB &= ~(1 << PB5))
+#endif
+#if defined(__AVR_ATmega644P__)  || defined(__AVR_ATmega1284P__)
+   #define SET_LED_RED (PORTC |= (1 << PC2))
+   #define CLR_LED_RED (PORTC &= ~(1 << PC2))
+   #define SET_LED_ORANGE (PORTC |= (1 << PC3))
+   #define CLR_LED_ORANGE (PORTC &= ~(1 << PC3))
+   #define SET_LED_GREEN (PORTC |= (1 << PC4))
+   #define CLR_LED_GREEN (PORTC &= ~(1 << PC4))
+#endif
+
+// function prototypes
+void putch(char);
+char getch(void);
+void getNch(uint8_t);
+void byte_response(uint8_t);
+void nothing_response(void);
+char gethex(void);
+void puthex(char);
+void flash_led(uint8_t);
+
+volatile const char DATE [] PROGMEM = __DATE__;
+volatile const char TIME [] PROGMEM = __TIME__;
+
+#ifdef DEBUG_UART1
+   int uart_putchar(char c, FILE *stream) {
+      if (c == '\n') {
+         uart_putchar('\r', stream);
+      }
+      loop_until_bit_is_set(UCSR1A, UDRE1);
+      UDR1 = c;
+      return 0;
+   }
+
+   static FILE mystdout = FDEV_SETUP_STREAM(uart_putchar, NULL, _FDEV_SETUP_WRITE);
+#endif
+
+// some variables
+union address_union {
+	uint16_t word;
+	uint8_t  byte[2];
+} address;
+
+union length_union {
+	uint16_t word;
+	uint8_t  byte[2];
+} length;
+
+struct flags_struct {
+	unsigned eeprom : 1;
+	unsigned rampz  : 1;
+} flags;
+
+uint8_t buff[SPM_PAGESIZE + 1];
+// uint8_t address_high;
+// uint8_t pagesz=0x80;
+
+uint16_t i;
+uint8_t bootuart = 0;
+
+uint8_t error_count = 0;
+
+void (*app_start)(void) = 0x0000;
+
+int main () {
+	uint8_t ch, ch2;
+	uint16_t w;
+
+	#ifdef WATCHDOG_MODS
+		ch = MCUSR;
+		MCUSR = 0;
+
+		WDTCSR |= _BV(WDCE) | _BV(WDE);
+		WDTCSR = 0;
+
+		// Check if the WDT was used to reset, in which case we dont bootload and skip straight to the code. woot.
+		if (! (ch &  _BV(EXTRF))) // if its a not an external reset...
+         app_start();  // skip bootloader
+	#else
+		asm volatile("nop\n\t");
+	#endif
+
+	// LED ports output and off, ensure that Q1 (battery power) on (PC7)
+   #ifdef __AVR_ATmega328P__
+      PORTB = 0;
+      DDRB |= (1 << PB5);
+   #endif
+   #if defined(__AVR_ATmega644P__)  || defined(__AVR_ATmega1284P__)
+      PORTC = 0;
+      DDRC = (1 << PC7) | (1 << PC4) | (1 << PC3) |(1 << PC2);
+   #endif
+
+	#ifdef DOUBLE_SPEED
+		UCSR0A = (1 << U2X0); // Double speed mode USART0
+		UBRR0L = (uint8_t)(F_CPU / (BAUD_RATE *8L) - 1);
+		UBRR0H = (F_CPU / (BAUD_RATE * 8L) - 1) >> 8;
+      #ifdef DEBUG_UART1
+		   UCSR1A = (1 << U2X1); // Double speed mode USART0
+		   UBRR1L = (uint8_t)(F_CPU / (BAUD_RATE *8L) - 1);
+		   UBRR1H = (F_CPU / (BAUD_RATE * 8L) - 1) >> 8;
+      #endif
+	#else
+		UBRR0L = (uint8_t)(F_CPU / (BAUD_RATE * 16L) - 1);
+		UBRR0H = (F_CPU / (BAUD_RATE*16L)-1) >> 8;
+      #ifdef DEBUG_UART1
+		   UBRR1L = (uint8_t)(F_CPU / (BAUD_RATE * 16L) - 1);
+		   UBRR1H = (F_CPU / (BAUD_RATE*16L)-1) >> 8;
+      #endif
+	#endif
+
+	UCSR0B = (1<<RXEN0) | (1<<TXEN0);
+	UCSR0C = (1<<UCSZ00) | (1<<UCSZ01);
+   #if defined(__AVR_ATmega644P__)  || defined(__AVR_ATmega1284P__)
+	   UCSR1B = (1<<TXEN1);
+	   UCSR1C = (1<<UCSZ00) | (1<<UCSZ01);
+      #ifdef DEBUG_UART1
+         stdout = &mystdout;
+         printf("\n\nArduino-Bootloader\n");
+      #endif
+   #endif
+	
+	// flash onboard LED to signal entering of bootloader */
+	flash_led(NUM_LED_FLASHES);
+
+	// forever loop
+	while (1) {
+
+		// get character from UART
+		ch = getch();
+
+		// A bunch of if...else if... gives smaller code than switch...case !
+
+		// Hello is anyone home ?
+		if(ch == '0') {
+			nothing_response();
+
+		} else if (ch == '1') {
+			// Request programmer ID
+			// Not using PROGMEM string due to boot block in m128 being beyond 64kB boundary
+			// Would need to selectively manipulate RAMPZ, and it's only 9 characters anyway so who cares.
+	
+			if (getch() == ' ') {
+				putch(0x14);
+				putch('A');
+				putch('V');
+				putch('R');
+				putch(' ');
+				putch('I');
+				putch('S');
+				putch('P');
+				putch(0x10);
+			} else {
+				if (++error_count == MAX_ERROR_COUNT) {
+               DDRC = 0; PORTC = 0;
+					app_start();
+				}
+			}
+
+		} else if (ch == '@') {
+			// AVR ISP/STK500 board commands DON'T CARE so default nothing_response
+			ch2 = getch();
+			if (ch2 > 0x85) getch();
+			nothing_response();
+
+		// *****************************
+		// AVR ISP/STK500 board requests
+		// *****************************
+
+		} else if (ch == 'A') { // 0x41
+			ch2 = getch();
+			if (ch2 == 0x80) {
+				byte_response(HW_VER);     // Hardware version
+			} else if (ch2 == 0x81) {
+				byte_response(SW_MAJOR);   // Software major version
+		   } else if(ch2 == 0x82) {
+				byte_response(SW_MINOR);   // Software minor version
+	      } else if(ch2==0x98) {
+				byte_response(0x03);       // Unknown but seems to be required by avr studio 3.56
+			} else {
+				byte_response(0x00);       // Covers various unnecessary responses we don't care about
+			}
+
+		} else if (ch == 'B') { // B: 0x42
+			// Device Parameters  DON'T CARE, DEVICE IS FIXED
+			getNch(20);
+			nothing_response();
+
+		
+		} else if (ch == 'E') { // E: 0x45
+			// Parallel programming stuff  DON'T CARE
+			getNch(5);
+			nothing_response();
+
+		} else if (ch == 'P' || ch == 'R') { // P: 0x50, R: 0x52
+			// P: Enter programming mode
+		   // R: Erase device, don't care as we will erase one page at a time anyway.
+			nothing_response();
+
+		} else if (ch == 'Q') { // Q: 0x51
+			// Leave programming mode
+			nothing_response();
+			#ifdef WATCHDOG_MODS
+				// autoreset via watchdog (sneaky!)
+				WDTCSR = _BV(WDE);
+				while (1); // 16 ms
+			#endif
+
+		} else if(ch == 'U') { // U: 0x55
+			// Set address, little endian. EEPROM in bytes, FLASH in words
+			// Perhaps extra address bytes may be added in future to support > 128kB FLASH.
+			// This might explain why little endian was used here, big endian used everywhere else.
+			address.byte[0] = getch();
+			address.byte[1] = getch();
+			nothing_response();
+
+
+		} else if (ch == 'V') { // V: 0x56
+			// Universal SPI programming command, disabled.  Would be used for fuses and lock bits.
+			if (getch() == 0x30) {
+				getch();
+				ch = getch();
+				getch();
+				if (ch == 0) {
+					byte_response(SIGNATURE_0);
+				} else if (ch == 1) {
+					byte_response(SIGNATURE_1); 
+				} else {
+					byte_response(SIGNATURE_2);
+				} 
+			} else {
+				getNch(3);
+				byte_response(0x00);
+			}
+
+		} else if (ch == 'd') { // d: 0x64
+			// Write memory, length is big endian and is in bytes
+			length.byte[1] = getch();
+			length.byte[0] = getch();
+			flags.eeprom = 0;
+			if (getch() == 'E') {
+				flags.eeprom = 1;
+			}
+			for (w = 0; w < length.word; w++) {
+				// Store data in buffer, can't keep up with serial data stream whilst programming pages
+				buff[w] = getch(); 
+			}
+			if (getch() == ' ') {
+				if (flags.eeprom) {
+					// Write to EEPROM one byte at a time
+					address.word <<= 1;
+					for(w = 0; w < length.word; w++) {
+						while(EECR & (1<<EEPE));
+						EEAR = (uint16_t)address.word;
+						EEDR = buff[w];
+						EECR |= (1<<EEMPE);
+						EECR |= (1<<EEPE);
+						// SX
+						// eeprom_write_byte((void *)address.word,buff[w]);
+						address.word++;
+					}			
+				} else {
+					// Write to FLASH one page at a time
+					#ifdef RAMPZ
+                  if (address.byte[1] > 127) {
+                     //Only possible with m128, m256 will need 3rd address byte. FIXME
+                     RAMPZ = 0x01;
+                  } else {
+                     RAMPZ = 0x00;
+                  }
+                  #endif
+
+					// address * 2 -> byte location
+					address.word = address.word << 1;	        
+					if ((length.byte[0] & 0x01)) {
+						// Even up an odd number of bytes
+						length.word++;
+					}
+					cli();
+
+					uint16_t addr = address.word;
+					#ifdef DEBUG_UART1
+                  printf("Programming: address=0x%04x length=0x%04x\n", addr, length.word);
+					   printf("  eeprom_busy_wait() ...");
+					#endif
+               eeprom_busy_wait();
+					boot_spm_busy_wait();
+					#ifdef DEBUG_UART1
+   					printf("done\n");
+                  printf("  boot_page_erase(0x%04x)...", address.word);
+               #endif
+               SET_LED_RED;
+					boot_page_erase(addr);
+					boot_spm_busy_wait ();
+               CLR_LED_RED;
+					#ifdef DEBUG_UART1
+   					printf("done\n");
+	   				printf("  boot_page_fill(0x%04x, ...): ", address.word);
+               #endif
+					for (i = 0; i < SPM_PAGESIZE; i += 2) {
+						uint16_t w = buff[i] + (buff[i + 1] << 8);
+   					#ifdef DEBUG_UART1
+                     printf(".");
+                  #endif
+						boot_page_fill(addr + i, w);
+					}
+					#ifdef DEBUG_UART1
+                  printf("\n  boot_page_write(0x%04x)...", address.word);
+               #endif
+					boot_page_write(addr);
+					boot_spm_busy_wait();
+					#ifdef DEBUG_UART1
+                  printf("done\n");
+        			   printf("  boot_rww_enable()\n");
+               #endif
+					boot_rww_enable();
+				}
+				putch(0x14);
+				putch(0x10);
+
+			} else {
+				if (++error_count == MAX_ERROR_COUNT)
+               DDRC = 0; PORTC = 0;
+					app_start();
+			}		
+
+		} else if (ch == 't') { // t: 0x74
+			// Read memory block mode, length is big endian.  */
+			length.byte[1] = getch();
+			length.byte[0] = getch();
+			// if (address.word>0x7FFF) flags.rampz = 1; // No go with m256, FIXME
+			// else flags.rampz = 0;
+			address.word = address.word << 1; // address * 2 -> byte location
+			if (getch() == 'E') {
+				flags.eeprom = 1;
+			} else {
+				flags.eeprom = 0;
+			}
+			if (getch() == ' ') {		                
+				// Command terminator
+				putch(0x14);
+				for (w = 0; w < length.word; w++) {
+					// Can handle odd and even lengths okay
+					if (flags.eeprom) {	                        // Byte access EEPROM read
+						while(EECR & (1<<EEPE));
+						EEAR = (uint32_t)address.word;
+						EECR |= (1<<EERE);
+						putch(EEDR);
+						// putch(eeprom_read_byte((void *)address.word));
+						address.word++;
+					}
+					else {
+                  #ifdef RAMPZ
+                     if (!flags.rampz) {
+                        putch(pgm_read_byte_near(address.word));
+                     } else {
+                        putch(pgm_read_byte_far(address.word + 0x10000));
+                     }
+                  #else
+                     putch(pgm_read_byte_near(address.word));
+                  #endif
+						address.word++;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			putch(0x10);
+
+		} else if(ch == 'u') { // u: 0x75
+			// Get device signature bytes
+			if (getch() == ' ') {
+				putch(0x14);
+				putch(SIGNATURE_0);
+				putch(SIGNATURE_1);
+				putch(SIGNATURE_2);
+				putch(0x10);
+			} else {
+				if (++error_count == MAX_ERROR_COUNT)
+               DDRC = 0; PORTC = 0;
+					app_start();
+			}
+
+		} else if (ch == 'v') {
+			// Read oscillator calibration byte
+			byte_response(0x00);
+		}
+
+	}
+}
+
+char gethexnib () {
+	char a;
+	a = getch(); putch(a);
+	if (a >= 'a') {
+		return (a - 'a' + 0x0a);
+	} else if (a >= '0') {
+		return (a - '0');
+	}
+	return a;
+}
+
+
+char gethex () {
+	return (gethexnib() << 4) + gethexnib();
+}
+
+
+void puthex (char ch) {
+	char ah;
+
+	ah = ch >> 4;
+	if(ah >= 0x0a) {
+		ah = ah - 0x0a + 'a';
+	} else {
+		ah += '0';
+	}
+	
+	ch &= 0x0f;
+	if(ch >= 0x0a) {
+		ch = ch - 0x0a + 'a';
+	} else {
+		ch += '0';
+	}
+	
+	putch(ah);
+	putch(ch);
+}
+
+
+void putch (char ch) {
+	while (!(UCSR0A & _BV(UDRE0)));
+	UDR0 = ch;
+}
+
+
+char getch () {
+	uint32_t count = 0;
+	while( !(UCSR0A & _BV(RXC0)) ) {
+		count++;
+		if (count > MAX_TIME_COUNT) {
+         DDRC = 0; PORTC = 0;
+			app_start();
+		}
+	}
+	return UDR0;
+}
+
+
+void getNch (uint8_t count) {
+	while(count--) {
+		getch();
+	}
+}
+
+
+void byte_response (uint8_t val) {
+	if (getch() == ' ') {
+		putch(0x14);
+		putch(val);
+		putch(0x10);
+	} else if (++error_count == MAX_ERROR_COUNT) {
+      DDRC = 0; PORTC = 0;
+   	app_start();
+   }
+}
+
+void nothing_response () {
+	if (getch() == ' ') {
+		putch(0x14);
+		putch(0x10);
+	} else if (++error_count == MAX_ERROR_COUNT) {
+		DDRC = 0; PORTC = 0;
+		app_start();
+	}
+}
+
+void delay () {
+	// app. 200ms
+	for (volatile uint32_t timer = 0; timer < 0x12000; timer++) {
+		if (UCSR0A & _BV(RXC0)) {
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void flash_led (uint8_t count) {
+   #ifdef __AVR_ATmega328P__
+      while (count--) {
+         SET_LED_RED;
+         delay();
+         CLR_LED_RED;
+         delay();
+      }
+   #endif
+
+   #if defined(__AVR_ATmega644P__)  || defined(__AVR_ATmega1284P__)
+      SET_LED_RED;
+      delay();
+      SET_LED_ORANGE;
+      delay();
+      PORTC = 0;
+      
+      while (count--) {
+         SET_LED_GREEN;
+         delay();
+         CLR_LED_GREEN;
+         delay();
+      }
+   #endif
+}
-- 
2.39.5